Defects & Quality

Shell Inclusions

shell_inclusions

Shell Inclusions is a defect or QC term used when checking stone surfaces, edges, or material soundness before acceptance.

Used with

Flexural Strength

Flexural Strength is a defect or QC term used when checking stone surfaces, edges, or material soundness before acceptance.

flexural strength

Efflorescence

Efflorescence is visible crystalline salt deposit on masonry or stone surfaces from moisture transport. A defect/appearance issue managed by detailing and cleaning.

efflorescence

Dense Material

Dense Material is a defect or QC term used when checking stone surfaces, edges, or material soundness before acceptance.

Vein

Vein is a defect or QC term used when checking stone surfaces, edges, or material soundness before acceptance.

Abrasion Resistance

Abrasion resistance is how well a stone surface withstands wear—important for floors and paving. Reported from standard tests on datasheets.

abrasion resistance

Bowing

Bowing is concave or convex deformation of a stone panel after installation—often from moisture or thermal effects. A defect/performance risk on façades.

bowingbow

Water Absorption

Water absorption is the percentage of water a stone takes up after immersion—key for exterior and wet-area suitability. Reported on technical datasheets with test method.

water absorptionImbibition coefficient

Breaking Load

Breaking load is the maximum applied load causing specimen failure in strength tests. Technical datasheet property for structural design.

Breaking Load

Frost Resistance

Frost resistance is the ability of stone to withstand freeze–thaw cycles—critical for exterior paving and cladding in cold climates. Datasheet property.

frost resistancefrost

Breakage

Breakage means breaks or cracks in stone material during handling, transport, or use. Quality/claims language on packing and insurance.

Homogeneous Stone

Homogeneous Stone is a defect or QC term used when checking stone surfaces, edges, or material soundness before acceptance.

Open Porosity

Open Porosity is a defect or QC term used when checking stone surfaces, edges, or material soundness before acceptance.

Porosity

Porosity is a defect or QC term used when checking stone surfaces, edges, or material soundness before acceptance.

Rift

Rift is a preferred cleavage or splitting plane in stone, used when producing natural cleft faces. Technical cutting language.

rift

Exfoliation

Surface scaling or layer detachment caused by stone deterioration. Quality or defect language used in inspection and claims.

Exfoliation

Spalling

Spalling is surface flaking, chipping, or fragment detachment on stone—often from freeze–thaw or impact. Defect/appearance risk language.

spallingspalled fragmentsspalled

Also called in other languages

ES / TR / … trade aliases only — this article stays English. Use the EN · ES · TR control in the header to browse name hubs.

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  • frcoquilles

This page is English. The chips below are trade names the market actually uses (ES, TR, …) — aliases, not a language switch and not a Spanish or Turkish site.

frFrench market namesBrowse all FR names →

FAQ about non-English market forms (1)
frWhat does "coquilles" mean in France?

"coquilles" is a French market form used in France for Shell Inclusions. Shell Inclusions is a defect or QC term used when checking stone surfaces, edges, or material soundness before acceptance.

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